Mortgage Lending

The world is weird right now –– no one will argue that.

The world is also quite uncertain now, too –– and I don’t think you will get an argument there, either. 

But that said, there has never been a better time to build a house –– and I will gladly engage in an argument as to why that is true.

Disclaimer

Now, when I say it is a great time to build, I am talking about the market, and not necessarily about the individual. 

If you are on an uncertain financial footing, then, no, it might not be a great time to build. Those whose industries are in the midst of a major reset or have exposure to a resurgence of COVID, then any long(er) term plans should probably be put on hold and liquid assets hoarded.

But for those whose financial positions are solid, there has not been a better opportunity to build a home in the last 50 years, if not longer.

Inventory 

Let’s begin with housing inventory.

Simply put, inventory was at record lows headed into COVID –– and COVID only exacerbated the problem.  

In the latter part of February and early March, inventory locally (and nationally) hit all-time lows. To give you a sense of the level of low, look at the chart below. 

The chart below shows inventory by MONTH

The chart below shows inventory by UNIT COUNT

Some submarkets had roughly 1 month of inventory, with most still operating with as little as 3. (For context, a market is considered balanced when it has 6 to 8 months of inventory.)

Each year that we have distanced ourselves from 2008, inventory has become increasingly more rare –– and 2020 was shaping up to be even lower than a record-low 2019.

Now, instead of the normal increase in resale inventory that typically appears for the spring market, COVID caused many homeowners to wait and NOT bring their properties to market.

NOT HELPFUL, COVID!

The traditional ‘March to May’ bump in available homes never materialized this year, and thus, the market has even fewer choices than last year’s ridiculous record low.

Perhaps the decision to sell will come later, but for now, the houses that we need to satisfy even a somewhat tempered spring demand are simply not there. 

The spring of 2021 will be absolute insanity.

Production and Housing Starts

So pretend for a moment you are a banker –– what is the first thing you do when the economy goes sideways? 

You stop lending, of course.

Credit contraction is the first reaction to economic upheaval and the one thing that the Fed and Treasury need to combat in order to minimize the impact of any financial crisis. 

So if you are a bank, are you going to encourage new home construction when you really have no idea how COVID will play out? Of course not. 

And therein lies the rub …

The homes that are currently under construction are almost all a result of contracts written last fall and this spring prior to COVID. 

In our market, roughly 50% of the homes built in any given year are ‘speculatively’ built (in other words, the home is started without a contract in hand in ‘speculation‘ that a buyer will emerge prior to completion.)

Housing starts had just started to recover to historically normal levels (see the chart above) in an attempt to make up for the decade long deficit in new home production –– oh well, so much for building the number of homes we need to.

So just to make sure you realize –– the market for new homes had been undersupplied for close to a decade AND the normal number of new homes that would have been speculatively built to try to handle the demand are not going to be started!

Uh-oh.

The lack of speculative building will manifest itself in the spring of 2021 and will mean a greatly reduced pool of new homes to choose from. With inventory levels already stressed, the lack of new homes will make homeownership even more challenging.

Preference Shift

One of the more interesting patterns to emerge from COVID is the population exodus from the large east coast metropolitan areas to smaller cities and/or suburbia.

COVID punishes density and places like NYC are already seeing a population electing to flee vertical properties, public transportation, and high cost of living for some grass, the (perceived) safety of their own car, and overall affordability.

Besides the safety aspect, Zoom and other virtual meeting platforms have proven that expensive office space and cumbersome travel is not as necessary as we thought to connect with clients.

Furthermore, the leading wave of the Millennial home-buying generation was already poised to begin the transition out of the cramped 1 bedroom apartment anyway –– COVID is simply accelerating the emergence of the trend.

This demographic shift will not be felt as acutely as some of the others discussed here, but over the longer haul, it will impact the need for more new construction and alter the distribution of population along the eastern seaboard.

Material Costs

So guess what COVID did to global demand? It basically killed it.

As much damage as COVID has done to the US economy, it pales in comparison to what happened (and is still happening) in China, Russia, much of Europe, and the Middle East.

In the latter part of 2019, much of the world was already arguably in a recession, and the onset of COVID has devastated what was already a weak global economy.

We’ve all heard about COVID’s impact on oil markets (literally negative pricing), but the cost of the other commodities has also plummeted. Metal (steel, iron, aluminum, copper), wood products, and other essential commodities are all down sharply due to lack of demand and will likely stay down as global demand abates.

So the good news here is that the cost of building a house has actually come DOWN for the first time in decades –– and that spells opportunity for those in position to take advantage of it.

Fear

Just so you realize, the largest one month drop in the Builder Confidence Index happened in April. 

BCI is now on par with the years immediately following both the Financial Crisis of 2008 and the 1987 Crash.

New construction sales have slowed precipitously, and the majority of the work in residential construction is the work that was contracted during the 2019 fall and early 2020 spring. 

So while I don’t think I would call builders desperate, I would call many of them concerned, and the opportunity to secure a good price is far greater now than it was even a few months ago. 

As Warren Buffet is so fond of saying, ‘When others are cautious, be bold.’

Interest Rates

And of course, there is the interest rate.

Whenever financial interruptions occur, the first thing the Federal Reserve and/or Treasury do is to relax monetary policy. In other words –– they make borrowing money cheaper.

Why? Because cheap money (typically) encourages economic activity. 

In the same way that the cost of oil is in everything, so is the cost of money –– and when borrowing is cheap, it makes a lot of sense to borrow for long term purchases. 

If you are going to borrow money, now is a phenomenal time to do so.

No Bidding Wars

So the cute little renovated bungalow you have been waiting for just showed up in MLS and showings start Sunday. You ping your agent and several texts later you are set to see the property at noon on the first day.

When you show up, you find out that you are one of 20 showings that day and the seller already has 3 offers in hand (2 are over the asking price,) and they are expecting another 5 more.

Ugggg.

Just so you realize, the scenario I just described is not as uncommon as you would think –– it is due simply to the lack of inventory.

So in order to be the winning offer, a purchaser will need to waive the inspection contingency, the appraisal contingency, and put down as much cash down as possible. And did I mention that you will probably also have to offer more than the asking price?

For many, that is next to impossible.

Now, imagine a scenario where you get a new home, with a full set of warranties, no waiver of inspection or appraisal contingencies, and you are the only offer.

I fully recognize that new homes tend to be built in new communities and the appeal of the 1950s renovated bungalow in a mature walkable neighborhood is powerful. But winning a competitive offer scenario is beyond many people’s means.

So if you are not in a position to win a competitive bid, then building a home can make a lot of sense.

Summary

Yes, I get it. It is hard to look at the condition of the world and think, ‘Hey! I have an idea –– let’s build a house!’

That said, the US economy is far less tied to the world’s economy than most realize, and thus, pay more attention to what is happening within our borders than outside of them. The news abroad is ugly for sure, but the US tends to be the exporters of recessions, not an importer of them.

There is still a reset that needs to occur for sure –– hospitality, travel, office space –– they all need to figure out what the new normal is. That will take some time for sure and cause some pain, but it will get worked out.

Other economic impacts aside, when you step back and take a long view, you will realize that the housing market was already massively undersupplied –– and COVID actually worsened the problem, not helped it.

So to repeat:

• Resale inventory is at an all-time low
• New home speculative building has largely ceased
• A demographic shift away from the crowded northeastern urban markets is already underway
• The cost of materials is at or near 20-year lows
• Builders are a bit fearful and likely to be aggressive to win deals
• Mortgage rates are stupid low
• No bidding wars

I simply cannot imagine a better time to build a house. 

I have to admit, I would love to see another recession.

Uhhhh …. you are in the real estate business. Why in the world would you want to see another recession?!?

The real reason? So we can stop talking about it.

Talk. Talk.

The talk of the next recession has been on the lips of every naysayer since 2015, as home prices spiked and bidding wars became the norm. ‘Oh no!’ they all said, ‘Here it comes again. It is just like 2008!’

The recession of 2008 was unprecedented, at least in my lifetime. I am sure that those who lived through 1929 might argue, but what happened to not just our economy –– but the world’s economy –– was unlike anything we have ever seen. To see a repeat of 2008 so soon feels unlikely –– especially when the fraudulent behavior that was at the root of the crash is not anywhere as prevalent as it was.

No, it is nothing like 2008. Not only are the conditions wildly different, but no two recessions are the same.

Disclaimer 

Now, I am not for all of the negatives that come with recessions –– I don’t want to see anyone lose a job, lose a house, lose their savings, or even their sanity. The last recession caused all of those occurrences and caused them in spades.

I also hate that in the last moments before a recession, fraud tends to be at its highest, and many of our most vulnerable are left holding the bag –– with little to no recourse against those who committed the acts (but that is another post for another day.)

So, no, I am not for the traumatic impact that a recession can have. I am only for the idea that once we have the next one, we can go on with our lives and stop living in fear of its arrival.

F-1 / Category 5 / 7.0 Richter

One of the problems with recessions is that no single definition of a recession exists. Well, that is technically incorrect, one does –– 2 consecutive quarters of negative GDP to be precise ––  but, absent of that, we don’t really have a way distinguishing one from another. There isn’t a recession severity meter like there is for earthquakes, hurricanes or tornadoes that tells us what to expect.

We all know that a Category 5 Hurricane is really, really bad –– flooding, strong winds, loss of utilities, massive property damage (and this was written before Dorian struck the Bahamas, btw…) –– and thanks to modern weather modeling, we have a pretty good idea when one is coming, where it will land, and how severe it will be.

In other words, we get ample notice and have time to prepare –– oh, AND we have the ability to insure our property against the event.

Imagine if we could predict a recession like we could a hurricane –– ‘Next Tuesday expect to see a plummeting stock market, sagging house prices, accelerating unemployment, and declining wages. We expect the recession to make landfall in the lower Manhattan area late in the afternoon and last until September 15, 2026, at 2 p.m., before finally moving back offshore!’

Unfortunately, nothing exists to tell us when the bad economic times will arrive, what segments will be impacted, or how long they will last. There is no way of telling if it will be a true ‘Category 5 level’ event that leaves destruction in its wake or more of a Tropical Re-Cession (see what I did there?!?) that never makes it to shore.

And rest assured, when it comes, we can’t just call our friendly State Farm agent and ask for a check.

Therein lies the fear. 

How Scared You Feel = How Old You Are

For those who are 40 years old or younger, the only recession that they have lived through was a humdinger. The Great Recession was the worst recession on record –– rife with bankruptcy, foreclosure, fraud, and collusion. House prices fell by 30-40% and new home building essentially ceased. 

But ask a ‘50 something‘ (and, yes, I am now a ‘50 something.’) if they remember the Recession of 2000?

Wait, there was a recession in 2000?

Yes, there was and it lasted for two years. I think unless you worked for a tech company and your millions in stock options became worthless, you really don’t recall much of a hiccup in 2000. But according to the definition, we had one. 

Ask the ’60 somethings’ about the 1987 crash and subsequent 5-year malaise –– and they will remember it vividly. It was sudden (Black Monday, anyone?), pronounced, and eventful with great consternation in the Savings and Loan industry (again, led by fraud) that led to a fall in other segments. It also featured a great deal of overbuilding in the speculative office market.

Each Recession is Different

But do you know what happened to house prices in 2000? Nothing really. They actually went up, albeit at a slower pace. 

What about 1987? House prices stayed relatively flat to slightly up.

Wait, what?!? House prices went UP in a recession?!?

Yep.

In the same way that each Category 5 hurricane is different (size, speed, rain, wind, path) so is each recession.

And therein lies the rub.

A Recession is ALWAYS a Fear

As a good and experienced veteran of the real estate business told me, ‘You should absolutely be worried about a recession … because you should ALWAYS be worried about a recession. That is what they do, they come and then they go. The question is not if –– or even when –– it is how prepared are you for its arrival and what do you do when it shows up.’

He’s 100% correct.

In the same way that you stock up on milk, bread, gas, and water when the hurricane is coming, you should do the same with your financial life. Dial back the speculative bets, become a little more liquid in your investments, and don’t go on spending sprees. 

At the end of the day, a recession is coming, in the same way that rain is coming, winter is coming, and old age is coming –– it is part of the cycle.

Down Market = Opportunity

Am I saying that you should sell everything you own, crawl down in the shelter, and hunker down until 2027?

No, of course not –– beyond its inevitability, don’t let the pending arrival of challenging financial times scare you into panic mode.

Fortunes (large and small) tend to be made in down markets and thinking about the strategies you might employ when you see the signs is the first step to not only navigating the down times, but thriving in them.

And above all else, remember that a good decision isn’t impacted in the long run by an up or down market –– a good decision in a down market is largely the same as a good decision in an up market, it just may take it a bit longer to pay off.

Summary

As we have written about many times before, the fundamentals that existed in 2008 and those of 2019 (and beyond) are completely different. When the next recession comes –– whether today, tomorrow, or March 3, 2024, it will start in a different sector, last for a different duration, and impact us all differently.

Don’t fear the inevitable –– be prepared to take advantage of it.